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Most people manage their time by treating each of their priorities as if they have an equal weight. They do not. When developing your time management strategy, you need to break your time down into three categories. These types of time include: routine activities, project-oriented activities and crisis situations. Each type has a different impact on your productivity and your daily focus.
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Developing a clearer understanding of what type of time you are dealing with allows you more options for developing a strategic approach to how you focus your daily priorities. Initially, break down your key areas of focus by evaluating the urgency and significance of your primary activities. This is followed by an evaluation of each of your major responsibilities to assess which type of time it involves. Then, consider the amount of time that will be necessary to effectively complete each of them. This strategic focus will help you develop a more proactive approach to managing your overlapping, and sometimes conflicting, responsibilities.
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1. Neglecting routines creates chaos.
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Routine activities involve responsibilities you can anticipate. Activities falling under this type of time include those with an automatic or regularly occurring deadline. This may be preparing quarterly reports, tax filings or actions you need to process on the first day of each month.
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Unfortunately, most people procrastinate on assignments that have a routine deadline. They wait until the last minute to begin working on them. Then, they rush to pull together the needed information. Waiting until the very last minute to focus on routine activities ends up compressing the completion time horizon. The frantic rush to meet the known deadline often results in missing critical elements, errors, or a lack of quality work. This adds pressure and unnecessary stress.
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Routine activities are not surprises – don’t treat them as such. Carve out the time you need in your schedule and make sure it adequately reflects the time necessary to complete these assignments. If these activities require research or advance preparation, your schedule must allow ample time to work on them in advance. As you get closer to a deadline, shorten or eliminate all non-essential meetings. Set up alerts with a reminder of your impending deadline. Then send alert notices to others who have critical information or essential insight you will need.
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Taking a strategic mindset to approaching routine assignments encourages you to complete your preparation work as far in advance of your deadline as possible. The key is to dedicate the time you need into both your planning process and your schedule. If it is a new responsibility for you, budget time into your calendar to accommodate your learning curve.
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If the routine activity is something you only engage in periodically, create cheat-sheets with screenshots and notes to yourself on issues you ran into and how you solved them. These notes can be a huge time-saver the next time you complete this activity.
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2. Managing projects requires a precise plan.
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The second type of time is project time. Projects are often complex activities with a defined expectation for deliverables or a date of completion, such as a major event. With projects, there are many moving parts and multiple deadlines. Projects may also include the involvement of a variety of other team members or vendors.
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The challenge with most projects is they often have long time-frames which allow those involved to push off key responsibilities because the completion date is perceived to be far off into the future. Participants focus on day-to-day fires and do not worry about the project until there is an urgent rush to meet a deadline.
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Effectively managing project-oriented time requires developing and following a clearly established plan. There are a variety of formal project management methodologies you can follow. The key to each of them is to determine who are all the other people who need to be involved and clarify the roles and responsibilities of each. Internal deadlines need to be clearly determined for all of those involved and direct responsibilities must be clearly delineated. Break your project activities into smaller components and more manageable parts. Engaging in interim checkpoints on a periodic basis allows you to stay up to date on the progress being made on a project. These checkpoints provide the opportunity to determine if you have adequate resources deployed to the right areas so you can meet the deadline.
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Another strategy you can implement to manage project time is to engage in front-end loading. This means completing or beginning work on a significant number of components of your project when you are first assigned to it. By front-end loading your work, you will begin to identify challenges in obtaining a resource or needed information. This intensive work at the beginning of your project provides you with more time to resolve any glitches before they put your project completion at risk.
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3. Expect the unexpected.
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A crisis is an unexpected situation requiring you to stop everything you are currently focused on and address the situation. When a crisis occurs, your entire focus shifts your priority to resolving the problem or the aftermath of an unexpected event. This could be a fire, data breach or the death of a key employee. You shift from any other activities to solely focus on the issues associated with the emergency.
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When dealing with a crisis, the biggest challenge is that you often do not have advance warning that something significant will happen. Few organizations adequately prepare for a disaster; then, when something significant hits, everyone scrambles trying to figure out what to do. It is difficult to think clearly to establish essential priorities when your adrenaline has kicked in and everyone is in a highly emotional or pressurized state of mind. Just make sure you are not treating routine activities or missed project deadlines as a crisis.
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Prepare a disaster plan for the types of crisis your enterprise is most likely to experience. When you have the luxury to prepare in advance, you and your team are more likely to have a clearer frame of mind to identify what the focus of your priorities must be in order to implement rapid action in an emergency.
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Final thoughts
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When you begin to consider demands on your time as being different kinds of time, you can shift your focus toward optimizing your priorities and activities. This more process-oriented focus of your thinking on productivity will help you better prioritize your actions. Then, you can more effectively avoid time-wasting activities and ensure you are focused on getting the desired results for the energy you spend.
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Developing a clearer understanding of what type of time you are dealing with allows you to develop a strategy for focusing your daily priorities.
